Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Summary Results

Virginia (2008)

	Size of Water
	Rivers and Streams (Miles)	Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds (Acres)	Bays and Estuaries (Square Miles)
Good Waters	5,330.6	18,125.1	123.1
Previously impaired waters       now attaining all uses	818.5	10,022.8	28.2
Threatened Waters
TMDL completed
TMDL alternative
Non-pollutant impairment
TMDL needed
Impaired Waters	10,542.8	94,043.7	2,181.7
TMDL completed	1,608.1
TMDL alternative
Non-pollutant impairment	590.6	691.4
TMDL needed	8,344.2	93,352.3	2,181.7
New TMDLs completed	2,312.6	2,633.3	21.7
Remaining TMDLs needed	6,031.6	90,719.1	2,160.0
Total Assessed Waters	15,873.4	112,168.8	2,304.8
Total Waters	50,414.9	149,982.0	2,500.0
Percent of Waters Assessed	31.5	74.8	92.2

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Summary of Water Quality Assessments for Each Waterbody Type
for Reporting Year 2008

Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Virginia Rivers and Streams 2008

Description of this table All Rivers and Streams 50,414.9 Miles of Rivers and Streams Assessed Status Miles Assessed 15,873.4 Unassessed 34,541.5 Total Miles 50,414.9

Description of this table Assessed Rivers and Streams 15,873.4 Miles of Assessed Rivers and Streams Attainment Status Miles Good 5,330.6 Threatened .0 Impaired 10,542.8 Total Miles Assessed 15,873.4

Description of this table Threatened and Impaired Rivers and Streams 10,542.8 Miles of Threatened and Impaired Rivers and Streams TMDL Development Status Miles All TMDLs completed 3,920.7 TMDL alternative .0 Non-pollutant impairment 590.6 TMDL needed 6,031.6 Total Threatened and Impaired 10,542.8

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Individual Designated Use Support
Virginia Rivers and Streams 2008

* Waters assessed for more than one designated use are included in multiple designated use groups below.

Designated Use	Miles Assessed	Percent Good	Percent Threatened	Percent Impaired	% Good
					% Threatened
					% Impaired
Aquatic Life	14,141.9	70.6	.0	29.4
Fish Consumption	4,721.7	55.8	.0	44.2
Public Water Supply	1,434.3	99.8	.0	.2
Recreation	11,042.7	33.1	.0	66.9
Wildlife	12,066.3	99.7	.0	.3

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Causes of Impairment
Virginia Rivers and Streams 2008

Cause of Impairment	Cause of Impairment Group	Miles Threatened or Impaired
Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)	Pathogens	5,979.2
Fecal Coliform	Pathogens	2,183.4
Benthic Macroinvertebrates Bioassessments	Cause Unknown - Impaired Biota	1,683.1
Dissolved Oxygen	Organic Enrichment/Oxygen Depletion	1,509.5
Mercury in Fish Tissue	Mercury	1,344.4
pH	pH/Acidity/Caustic Conditions	1,289.6
PCB(s) in Fish Tissue	Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	1,018.2
Temperature, Water	Temperature	384.4
Chloride	Salinity/Total Dissolved Solids/Chlorides/Sulfates	41.6
DDT	Pesticides	19.4
DDE	Pesticides	19.4
Heptachlor Epoxide	Pesticides	14.2
Lead	Metals (other than Mercury)	12.6
Copper	Metals (other than Mercury)	10.2
Zinc	Metals (other than Mercury)	9.0
Aldrin	Pesticides	6.1
Cadmium	Metals (other than Mercury)	5.4
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	2.9
Ammonia, Un-ionized	Ammonia	2.6
Chlordane	Pesticides	2.2
Nitrogen, Nitrate	Nutrients	2.2

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Probable Sources
Virginia Rivers and Streams 2008

Probable Source	Probable Source Group	Miles Threatened or Impaired
Source Unknown	Unknown	5,371.4
Wildlife Other Than Waterfowl	Natural/Wildlife	3,001.6
Non-Point Source	Unspecified Nonpoint Source	1,883.7
Natural Conditions - Water Quality Standards Use Attainability Analyses Needed	Natural/Wildlife	1,866.8
Livestock (Grazing Or Feeding Operations)	Agriculture	1,796.8
Unspecified Domestic Waste	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	1,237.4
Agriculture	Agriculture	1,130.5
On-Site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems And Similar Decentralized Systems)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	985.7
Wastes From Pets	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	675.2
Municipal (Urbanized High Density Area)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	533.6
Atmospheric Deposition - Toxics	Atmospheric Deposition	508.4
Grazing In Riparian Or Shoreline Zones	Agriculture	503.8
Wet Weather Discharges (Non-Point Source)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	467.3
Rural (Residential Areas)	Other	423.7
Animal Feeding Operations (Nps)	Agriculture	292.9
Waterfowl	Natural/Wildlife	261.5
Sewage Discharges In Unsewered Areas	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	257.1
Loss Of Riparian Habitat	Habitat Alterations (Not Directly Related To Hydromodification)	240.1
Municipal Point Source Discharges	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	204.7
Atmospheric Deposition - Acidity	Atmospheric Deposition	197.5
Contaminated Sediments	Legacy/Historical Pollutants	195.5
Runoff From Forest/Grassland/Parkland	Other	185.3
Industrial Point Source Discharge	Industrial	174.7
Sediment Resuspension (Clean Sediment)	Hydromodification	158.4
Impacts From Land Application Of Wastes	Land Application/Waste Sites/Tanks	141.1
Streambank Modifications/Destabilization	Hydromodification	139.3
Discharges From Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (Ms4)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	137.8
Sanitary Sewer Overflows (Collection System Failures)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	91.9
Surface Mining	Resource Extraction	67.4
Residential Districts	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	64.5
Dam Or Impoundment	Hydromodification	64.1
Septage Disposal	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	60.3
Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	52.8
Combined Sewer Overflows	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	50.1
Post-Development Erosion And Sedimentation	Hydromodification	44.5
Manure Runoff	Agriculture	42.3
Coal Mining	Resource Extraction	32.8
Drought-Related Impacts	Natural/Wildlife	29.9
Acid Mine Drainage	Resource Extraction	27.1
Clean Sediments	Hydromodification	24.5
Wet Weather Discharges (Point Source And Combination Of Stormwater, Sso Or Cso)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	24.1
Coal Mining (Subsurface)	Resource Extraction	23.4
Industrial/Commercial Site Stormwater Discharge (Permitted)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	22.3
Impacts From Abandoned Mine Lands (Inactive)	Resource Extraction	20.6
Channelization	Hydromodification	19.6
Unspecified Urban Stormwater	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	16.1
Silviculture Harvesting	Silviculture (Forestry)	14.8
Sediment Resuspension (Contaminated Sediment)	Hydromodification	14.8
Illicit Connections/Hook-Ups To Storm Sewers	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	12.6
Crop Production (Crop Land Or Dry Land)	Agriculture	12.3
Impervious Surface/Parking Lot Runoff	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	12.2
Rangeland Grazing	Agriculture	10.9
Channel Erosion/Incision From Upstream Hydromodifications	Hydromodification	10.9
Natural Sources	Natural/Wildlife	9.8
Inappropriate Waste Disposal	Spills/Dumping	9.7
Upstream Impoundments (E.G., Pl-566 Nrcs Structures)	Hydromodification	9.7
Managed Pasture Grazing	Agriculture	7.5
Erosion From Derelict Land (Barren Land)	Hydromodification	7.5
Mine Tailings	Resource Extraction	6.0
Unpermitted Discharge (Domestic Wastes)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	5.6
Site Clearance (Land Development Or Redevelopment)	Construction	4.8
Landfills	Land Application/Waste Sites/Tanks	4.5
Commercial Districts (Industrial Parks)	Industrial	3.4
Aquaculture (Permitted)	Aquaculture	3.0
Package Plant Or Other Permitted Small Flows Discharges	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	2.6
Lake Fertilization	Other	2.3
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks	Land Application/Waste Sites/Tanks	1.5

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Virginia Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 2008

Description of this table All Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 149,982.0 Acres of Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds Assessed Status Acres Assessed 112,168.8 Unassessed 37,813.2 Total Acres 149,982.0

Description of this table Assessed Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 112,168.8 Acres of Assessed Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds Attainment Status Acres Good 18,125.1 Threatened .0 Impaired 94,043.7 Total Acres Assessed 112,168.8

Description of this table Threatened and Impaired Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 94,043.7 Acres of Threatened and Impaired Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds TMDL Development Status Acres All TMDLs completed 2,633.3 TMDL alternative .0 Non-pollutant impairment 691.4 TMDL needed 90,719.1 Total Threatened and Impaired 94,043.7

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Individual Designated Use Support
Virginia Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 2008

* Waters assessed for more than one designated use are included in multiple designated use groups below.

Designated Use	Acres Assessed	Percent Good	Percent Threatened	Percent Impaired	% Good
					% Threatened
					% Impaired
Aquatic Life	111,793.8	46.8	.0	53.2
Fish Consumption	96,134.3	20.0	.0	80.0
Public Water Supply	73,025.5	100.0	.0	.0
Recreation	101,292.5	95.0	.0	5.0
Wildlife	106,331.7	99.5	.0	.5

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Causes of Impairment
Virginia Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 2008

Cause of Impairment	Cause of Impairment Group	Acres Threatened or Impaired
PCB(s) in Fish Tissue	Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	72,289.4
Dissolved Oxygen	Organic Enrichment/Oxygen Depletion	58,477.0
Mercury in Fish Tissue	Mercury	38,492.7
pH	pH/Acidity/Caustic Conditions	5,132.2
Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)	Pathogens	5,061.1
Copper	Metals (other than Mercury)	574.1
Temperature, Water	Temperature	99.5
Zinc	Metals (other than Mercury)	26.4
Cadmium	Metals (other than Mercury)	26.4
Lead	Metals (other than Mercury)	26.4

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Probable Sources
Virginia Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds 2008

Probable Source	Probable Source Group	Acres Threatened or Impaired
Source Unknown	Unknown	91,409.3
Natural Conditions - Water Quality Standards Use Attainability Analyses Needed	Natural/Wildlife	4,258.8
Dam Or Impoundment	Hydromodification	1,686.8
Wildlife Other Than Waterfowl	Natural/Wildlife	1,290.2
Unspecified Domestic Waste	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	1,290.2
Atmospheric Deposition - Toxics	Atmospheric Deposition	1,161.6
Livestock (Grazing Or Feeding Operations)	Agriculture	1,025.6
Residential Districts	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	952.4
On-Site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems And Similar Decentralized Systems)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	940.1
Changes In Ordinary Stratification And Bottom Water Hypoxia/Anoxia	Natural/Wildlife	913.9
Municipal (Urbanized High Density Area)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	897.8
Wet Weather Discharges (Non-Point Source)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	410.5
Atmospheric Deposition - Acidity	Atmospheric Deposition	399.6
Sanitary Sewer Overflows (Collection System Failures)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	350.1
Rural (Residential Areas)	Other	102.9
Animal Feeding Operations (Nps)	Agriculture	102.9
Natural Sources	Natural/Wildlife	93.1
Non-Point Source	Unspecified Nonpoint Source	88.4
Impacts From Abandoned Mine Lands (Inactive)	Resource Extraction	26.4

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Virginia Bays and Estuaries 2008

Description of this table All Bays and Estuaries 2,500.0 Square Miles of Bays and Estuaries Assessed Status Square Miles Assessed 2,304.8 Unassessed 195.2 Total Square Miles 2,500.0

Description of this table Assessed Bays and Estuaries 2,304.8 Square Miles of Assessed Bays and Estuaries Attainment Status Square Miles Good 123.1 Threatened .0 Impaired 2,181.7 Total Square Miles Assessed 2,304.8

Description of this table Threatened and Impaired Bays and Estuaries 2,181.7 Square Miles of Threatened and Impaired Bays and Estuaries TMDL Development Status Square Miles All TMDLs completed 21.7 TMDL alternative .0 Non-pollutant impairment .0 TMDL needed 2,160.0 Total Threatened and Impaired 2,181.7

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Individual Designated Use Support
Virginia Bays and Estuaries 2008

* Waters assessed for more than one designated use are included in multiple designated use groups below.

Designated Use	Square Miles Assessed	Percent Good	Percent Threatened	Percent Impaired	% Good
					% Threatened
					% Impaired
Aquatic Life	2,248.3	4.1	.0	95.9
Deep-Channel Seasonal Refuge	253.5	.0	.0	100.0
Deep-Water Aquatic Life	451.6	2.6	.0	97.4
Fish Consumption	2,105.9	1.8	.0	98.2
Open-Water Aquatic Life	1,759.8	4.5	.0	95.5
Public Water Supply	5.9	100.0	.0	.0
Recreation	576.5	84.9	.0	15.1
Shallow-Water Submerged Aquatic Vegetation	2,128.9	10.0	.0	90.0
Shellfishing	1,997.4	95.1	.0	4.9
Wildlife	387.7	77.8	.0	22.2

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Causes of Impairment
Virginia Bays and Estuaries 2008

Cause of Impairment	Cause of Impairment Group	Square Miles Threatened or Impaired
PCB(s) in Fish Tissue	Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	2,062.8
Aquatic Plants (Macrophytes)	Noxious Aquatic Plants	1,916.3
Dissolved Oxygen	Organic Enrichment/Oxygen Depletion	1,856.2
Estuarine Bioassessments	Cause Unknown - Impaired Biota	388.3
Chlorophyll-A	Algal Growth	202.0
Chloride	Salinity/Total Dissolved Solids/Chlorides/Sulfates	140.9
Fecal Coliform	Pathogens	98.1
Enterococcus Bacteria	Pathogens	47.1
Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)	Pathogens	36.6
Tributylin TBT (Tributylstanne)	Toxic Organics	11.2
Nutrient/Eutrophication Biological Indicators	Nutrients	8.2
Mercury in Fish Tissue	Mercury	7.8
pH	pH/Acidity/Caustic Conditions	6.5
Sediment Bioassays for Estuarine and Marine Water	Total Toxics	1.5
Benzo[k]fluoranthene	Toxic Organics	.7

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Site-specific Targeted Monitoring Results

Probable Sources
Virginia Bays and Estuaries 2008

Probable Source	Probable Source Group	Square Miles Threatened or Impaired
Municipal Point Source Discharges	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	2,117.1
Industrial Point Source Discharge	Industrial	2,117.0
Source Unknown	Unknown	2,106.1
Agriculture	Agriculture	2,090.8
Loss Of Riparian Habitat	Habitat Alterations (Not Directly Related To Hydromodification)	2,090.8
Atmospheric Deposition - Nitrogen	Atmospheric Deposition	2,090.8
Wet Weather Discharges (Point Source And Combination Of Stormwater, Sso Or Cso)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	2,090.8
Internal Nutrient Recycling	Natural/Wildlife	2,090.8
Sources Outside State Jurisdiction Or Borders	Other	2,090.3
Clean Sediments	Hydromodification	1,916.3
Sediment Resuspension (Clean Sediment)	Hydromodification	1,916.3
Wet Weather Discharges (Non-Point Source)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	282.1
Non-Point Source	Unspecified Nonpoint Source	260.6
Natural Conditions - Water Quality Standards Use Attainability Analyses Needed	Natural/Wildlife	141.8
Contaminated Sediments	Legacy/Historical Pollutants	36.2
Discharges From Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (Ms4)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	24.0
Atmospheric Deposition - Toxics	Atmospheric Deposition	12.1
Shipbuilding, Repairs, Drydocking	Commercial Harbor And Port Activities	11.2
Other Shipping Releases (Wastes And Detritus)	Commercial Harbor And Port Activities	11.2
Combined Sewer Overflows	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	7.9
Natural Sources	Natural/Wildlife	7.9
On-Site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems And Similar Decentralized Systems)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	6.9
Municipal (Urbanized High Density Area)	Urban-Related Runoff/Stormwater	6.9
Changes In Ordinary Stratification And Bottom Water Hypoxia/Anoxia	Natural/Wildlife	3.9
Waterfowl	Natural/Wildlife	.0
Crop Production (Crop Land Or Dry Land)	Agriculture	.0
Runoff From Forest/Grassland/Parkland	Other	.0
Wildlife Other Than Waterfowl	Natural/Wildlife	.0
Livestock (Grazing Or Feeding Operations)	Agriculture	.0
Marina/Boating Sanitary On-Vessel Discharges	Recreational Boating And Marinas	.0
Animal Feeding Operations (Nps)	Agriculture	.0
Sanitary Sewer Overflows (Collection System Failures)	Municipal Discharges/Sewage	.0
Pipeline Breaks	Spills/Dumping	.0

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Virginia Causes of Impairment for Reporting Year 2008

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Virginia Probable Sources Contributing to Impairments
for Reporting Year 2008

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Virginia TMDL Alternatives by Cause of Impairment 2008

NOTE: Click on the underlined "Number of TMDL Alternatives by Cause of Impairment " value to see a listing of those Causes of Impairment.
Cause of Impairment	Number of TMDL Alternatives	Rivers and Streams (Miles)	Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds (Acres)
Dissolved Oxygen	2	6	1,381
Lead	1	7

Total: 3 TMDL Alternatives

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Virginia Previously 303(d)-Listed Waters Now Attaining All Applicable Water Quality Standards

NOTE: Click on the underlined "Number of Waters Attaining" value for a detailed list of those previously 303(d)-listed waters now attaining all applicable water quality standards.
Year Attaining	Number of Waters Attaining	Number of Causes of Impairment Addressed
2009	14	22
2011	109	129
2016	109	109

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Virginia Causes of Impairment for 303(d) Listed Waters

NOTE: Click on a cause of impairment (e.g. pathogens) to see the specific state-reported causes that are grouped to make up this category. Click on the "Number of Causes of Impairment Reported" to see a list of waters with that cause of impairment.
Cause of Impairment Group Name	Number of Causes of Impairment Reported
Pathogens	1,443
Organic Enrichment/Oxygen Depletion	977
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	821
Noxious Aquatic Plants	775
pH/Acidity/Caustic Conditions	162
Mercury	155
Cause Unknown - Impaired Biota	77
Salinity/Total Dissolved Solids/Chlorides/Sulfates	56
Temperature	52
Pesticides	26
Algal Growth	25
Metals (other than Mercury)	11
Nutrients	9
Total Toxics	3
Ammonia	2
Toxic Organics	2

Total: 4,596 Causes of Impairment

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Virginia Cumulative TMDLs by Pollutant

This chart includes TMDLs since October 1, 1995.

NOTE: Click on the underlined "Pollutant" value to see associated listed waters for which a TMDL was developed. Click on the underlined "Number of TMDLs" value to see a listing of those TMDLs for the pollutant.
Pollutant	Number of TMDLs	Number of Causes of Impairment Addressed
Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)	351	369
Fecal Coliform	337	339
Ammonia	147	147
Sediment	111	113
Pathogens	108	110
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)	77	77
Nitrogen, Total	43	43
Phosphorus, Total	43	43
Enterococcus Bacteria	36	36
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)	36	36
Mercury	26	26
Phosphorus	22	24
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)	18	18
Dissolved Oxygen	16	16
Total Kjehldahl Nitrogen (TKN)	13	13
Carbonaceous Bod (CBOD)	10	10
Benthic	9	9
Copper	8	8
Tributyltin	8	8
Temperature	7	7
Cyanide	6	6
Organic Enrichment	6	6
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Aquatic Ecosystems)	6	6
Zinc	6	6
Nitrogen	5	5
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)	4	4
Chlorine	4	4
Fecal	4	5
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)	4	4
Pollutants in Urban Stormwater	4	6
Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET)	4	4
pH	4	4
Chlorides	3	3
Fecal Bacteria	3	3
PCBs in Sediment	3	3
Total Residual Chlorine	3	3
Aluminum	2	2
Benzene	2	2
Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate	2	2
Lead	2	2
Nitrate	2	2
Shellfish Harvesting Advisory	2	2
Silver	2	2
Aldrin	1	1
Alkalinity	1	1
Arsenic	1	1
Bacterial Slimes	1	1
Cadmium	1	1
Chloride	1	1
Chlorine, Residual (Chlorine Demand)	1	1
Chloroform	1	1
Chromium, Hexavalent	1	1
Chromium, Total	1	1
DDT	1	1
Dioxin	1	1
Eldrin	1	1
Endrin	1	1
Ethylbenzene	1	1
Iron	1	1
Manganese	1	1
Metals (other than Mercury)	1	1
Naphthalene	1	1
Nickel	1	1
Organic Enrichment/Low Dissolved Oxygen	1	1
Toluene	1	1
Xylene	1	1

Total: 1,532 TMDLs; 1,561 Causes of Impairment Addressed

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Virginia Cumulative Number of TMDLs

EPA Fiscal Year starts October 1 and ends September 30.

NOTE: Click on the underlined "Number of TMDLs Completed" value for a detailed list of the TMDLs for the fiscal year.
Fiscal Year	Number of TMDLs	Number of Causes of Impairment Addressed
1998	4	4
1999	1	1
2000	1	1
2001	26	26
2002	180	180
2003	96	96
2004	118	118
2005	17	17
2006	219	220
2007	64	66
2008	138	138
2009	87	87
2010	199	209
2011	198	202
2012	30	30
2013	46	46
2014	37	42
2015	27	29
2016	42	47
2017	2	2

Total: 1,532 TMDLs; 1,561 Causes of Impairment Addressed

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TMDL Document Search

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